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On Wednesday 16th October 2019, a meeting called “Hazelnut: from the nursery to the table” was held in our company.
In collaboration with Confagricoltura of Asti and Isagro (Italian creativity for plant health), we have dealt with topics such as: implantation methods and the problems related to the Asian bug (Halyomorpha halys).
Hazelnut’s plant is characterized to have a bush bearing, with an extensive roots system, on the same plant there are both male flowers (catkins), which produce pollen, and female flowers. Hazelnut pollination occurs through the wind. It is a rustic plant, and this feature make it possible for it to adapt to multiple climates and type of soil, even if it prefers loose soils with neutral pH (from 6,8 to 7,2). It suffers from compact soils with water stagnations. The ideal age to implant a hazelnut tree is two years (a year of stump and a year of nursery). Contrary to what one thinks, the entry into production happens after 4-5 years from the planting in corileto, also for plants older than two years old.
The maximum production occurs after 8/9 years and if it is pruned in a proper way it can produce up to 30/35 years from the implantation. After properly preparing the soil, the plants have to be planted, preferably in autumn, thus achieving a better result.
Cultivation costs can be summarized as the followings:
In the second, third and fourth year of implantation the cited prices are more or less the same, with the addition of a manual suckering per year of about € 200,00/ha.
In the fifth year, operating costs increase in:
ISAGRO (company specialized in the production and marketing of crop protection products) intervened with regard to the problem linked to the Asian bug. The first appearance of the Asian bug in Piedmont dates back to 2013, it is an insect that attacks the fruit in the previous phase to the complete maturation and harvest, and it is native to East Asia. This insect was devastating to many cultivated species.
When adult it presents a grey-brown color, measures 12-17 mm, and it is wide 12-17 mm, with chromatic colors that make it possible to distinguish it from other hazelnut insects. The females lay white eggs in groups of 25-30 from which the little ones come out moving on the host species, such as fruit trees, ornamental trees, vegetables, corn, soy, wheat and vines. Among the most affected species there are the pear tree and the hazelnut.
The damages it causes are many:
The possibilities of fighting are still in an experimental phase, the use of insecticides provides partial results, in fact the treated areas are often infested by other individuals coming from outside; there are some natural fighters but they do not guarantee obvious results.
The best technique is the one of attracting and killing, it consists in setting up areas of lure and attraction, that are subsequently subjected to interventions with insecticides. The advantage is to treat small areas with a high incidence of population. The first step to manage the problem is to monitor the evolution of the insect so as to know the size of the population and understand the phases of the cycle.
After dealing with the themes mentioned above, the owner, Marco Nicola, has conducted a speech about our company and on the processing method Nicolahazelnut. Later on he conducted a guided tour of our implantation and stumps.
Confagricoltura di Asti + Isagro
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